Assessment of Culture Potentialities of Hybrids from Crosses between Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon melanotheron Reared in Ebrié Lagoon (Côte d’Ivoire) Using Geometric Morphometric Approach: An Advance Study

Via morphological features, the breeding potentialities of hybrids from crosses between Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Sarotherodon melanotheron (Rüppel, 1852) were assessed in breeding design. At Layo Aquaculture Station, the crosses and rearing process, which lasted six months, are carried out in a concrete pond. The morphological studies used morphometric biomarkers including average body shape and developmental homeostasis components (canalisation and developmental stability). Relative Warps Analysis (RWA) and Canonical Variates Analysis (CVA) were used to compare average body shape between classes, while ANOVA Procrustes was used to assess canalisation and fluctuating asymmetry. The findings revealed that the hybrids’ body shapes are intermediate between those of the two parental species, and that the reciprocal hybrids of the first generation have size heterosis. Heterosis appears to have a positive impact on asymmetry and canalisation levels, which represent developmental compatibility between hybridising taxa. This hybrid vigour was more noticeable in hybrids produced by crossing S. melanotheron males with O. niloticus females. The hybrids’ heads have morphology similar to that of the parent O. niloticus, and their fins have morphology similar to that of the parent S. melanotheron. Furthermore, unlike fluctuating asymmetry in height, which is less in hybrids, fluctuating asymmetry in shape does not differ between parental species and hybrids. Canalisation was found to be lower in hybrids than in parental plants. As a result of these findings, hybrids could reap the majority of parental species’ advantages.

Author (s) Details

Z. S. O. Bopo
Laboratory of Genetic, University Félix Houphouët Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.

D. P. Sokouri
Laboratory of Genetic, University Félix Houphouët Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.

Y. N. Amon
Department of Animal Biology, University Péléforo Gon Coulibaly, BP 1328 Korhogo, Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.

A. C. Boua
Oceanologic Research Center, BP V 18 Abidjan, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.

N. S. P. Assanvo
Laboratory of Genetic, University Félix Houphouët Boigny, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.

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